1. Lubricant in Powder Metallurgy
· Application: Graphite is commonly used as a lubricant in the manufacturing of powder metallurgy parts. It is added to metal powders during the mixing process to improve the flowability of the powder.
· Function: The lubricating properties of graphite reduce friction between the metal particles during compaction, allowing for smoother die filling, better part formation, and reduced tool wear during the pressing process.
2. Sintering Aids
· Application: Graphite is used in sintering processes to prevent the formation of oxides on metal powders and help control temperature during the heating cycle.
· Function: Graphite acts as a carbon source during sintering, which helps to reduce oxides and improve the mechanical properties of the sintered parts. It also aids in promoting better densification of the metal powders.
3. Carbon Sources in Metal Powders
· Application: In certain types of powder metallurgy, graphite is used as a carbon source to adjust the carbon content of the final part.
· Function: Graphite is used to introduce controlled amounts of carbon into ferrous metals or other alloys, influencing properties like hardness, machinability, and wear resistance.
4. Mold and Die Coatings
· Application: Graphite is often applied to molds and dies used in powder metallurgy to improve the processing of parts.
· Function: The graphite coating reduces friction and wear on the molds, and it helps with the release of the final part after compaction or sintering.
5. Metal-Graphite Composites
· Application: Graphite powder can be mixed with metal powders to form metal-graphite composites, which are used in applications requiring specific properties such as self-lubrication.
· Function: These composites combine the wear resistance and lubrication properties of graphite with the strength and toughness of metals. The resulting parts are commonly used in automotive and industrial applications, such as bearings, bushings, and gears.
6. Electrode Production
· Application: Graphite is used in electrode production within powder metallurgy, particularly in applications where electrical conductivity is required.
· Function: In some powder metallurgy processes, such as the production of metal matrix composites or high-performance electrical components, graphite serves as an essential conductive material for the electrodes used during the sintering process.
7. High-Performance Parts
· Application: Graphite is used in the manufacture of high-performance parts produced through powder metallurgy, particularly those requiring exceptional thermal and electrical conductivity.
· Function: Graphite's high thermal conductivity makes it ideal for creating parts that must withstand high temperatures or provide thermal regulation, such as heat exchangers and components for aerospace applications.
8. Metal Injection Molding (MIM)
· Application: Graphite is used in metal injection molding (MIM), a process related to powder metallurgy, to help control the flow and compaction of fine metal powders.
· Function: In MIM, graphite is used as a binder or additive to ensure that the metal powder flows smoothly during injection molding, helping to shape complex geometries and improve the quality of molded parts.
